Meta – Post Production Script (Internationals)										
	TIME CODE										
	SYNC										
Zuckerberg											
	 Gosh. Okay. I'm glad this isn't live. I’m like so not on today										
Archive Reporter											
	 Can you just say your name and pronounce it so nobody messes it up.										
Zuckerberg											
	 Sure, It's Mark Zuckerberg.										
Archive Reporter											
	 How would you like to be identified? Your title?										
Zuckerberg											
	 Founder and CEO? I was a sophomore at Harvard and urm we needed to. I guess I've never really been asked how the company was started.										
GFX											
	 Card “In 2004 Mark Zuckerberg creates Facebook”										
Archive Reporter											
	 How does how did Facebook start?										
Zuckerberg											
	 Urm, now I’m all embarrassed										
GFX											
	 Card “Four years later he becomes the youngest self-made billionaire in history”										
Karel											
	 I was there, right from the beginning, and Mark always carried himself in a way that showed confidence										
Archive Reporter											
	 You launched Facebook in your dorm room?										
Zuckerberg											
	 Yeah										
Karel											
	 Have a 10 billion dollar check in your pocket probably does that too you.										
GFX											
	 Card “As CEO of Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp he has connected almost half of the global population”										
Max											
	 Facebook is like the world's largest media company in history. And one person, Mark Zuckerberg, is its dictator										
Katie											
	 When I first joined, the founders is on the cover of Time magazine, movies where being made, and now you are being told you have destroyed democracy.										
GFX											
	 Card “His creation has changed the world forever”										
Cecelia											
	 And then his worst nightmare, the threat of regulation										
Nick											
	 Congress says they are going to call for his head, they summon him, then he appears										
GFX											
	 Aston “Sky Presents”										
Archive Reporter											
	 Today could be the biggest day of Mark Zuckerberg's entire career. The Facebook CEO is set to testify before Congress this afternoon for the very first time.										
GFX											
	 Aston “A Rogan Productions Film”										
Archive Reporter											
	 The lines out of the door, Julia I mean it’s insane										
Archive Reporter											
	 Its definitely very crowded, it’s our understanding that he arrived through the garage, then an elevator upstairs and he avoided all of the cameras that where trying to stake him out										
GFX											
	 Aston “In Association with Sky Studios”										
Archive Reporter											
	 The stakes couldn’t be any higher for Zuckerberg after revelations that the personal data of as many as 87,000,000 users was improbably obtained										
GFX											
	 Aston “Executive Producer Nancy Bornat James Rogan”										
GFX											
	 Aston “Assistant Producer Sofia Vyas Line Producer Ben Blakey”										
Archive Reporter											
	 Facebook really is facing a crisis of trust										
Archive Reporter											
	 Mark, why hasn’t anyone been fired over this scandal?										
GFX											
	 Aston “Director of Photography Charlie Laing Music Tom Howe & Steve Davies”										
Archive Reporter											
	 Mr Zuckerberg, is there any regulation?										
Archive Reporter											
	 Are you putting privacy over profit now?										
GFX											
	 Aston “Editors Adam Finch Jon Coutts”										
GFX											
	 Aston “Director Nick Green”										
Archive Senator											
	 Mr. Zuckerberg, are you too powerful? Do you think you are too powerful										
GFX											
	 Title Card – ZUCKERBERG KING OF THE METAVERSE										
GFX											
	 Aston “April 2018”										
Archive Senator											
	 Today’s hearing is extraordinary, but then Facebook is, pretty extraordinary.										
GFX											
	 Card “The American Senate has two days to question Mark Zuckerberg”										
Archive Senator											
	 We are here because of what you Mr Zuckerberg have described as a breach of trust, as you said this is not likely to be an isolated incident, we are listening, America is listening, and quite possibly the world is listening too.										
GFX											
	 Card “It is alleged that Facebook has disrupted elections around the world”										
GFX											
	 Card “At stake is the future of Facebook and Mark Zuckerberg”										
Zuckerberg											
	 My top priority has always been our social mission of connecting people, building community and bringing the world closer together. We have faced a number of important issues around privacy, safety and democracy, before I talk about the steps we are taking to dress them, I want to talk about how we got here.										
Zuckerberg											
	 Facebook is an idealistic and optimistic company, for most of our existence…										
David											
	 You know, I was a tech journalist for Fortune magazine. A PR person called me and said, you know, Mark Zuckerberg is coming to New York. Would you like to meet him? My first instinct was, Oh, this is ridiculous. I'm wasting my time. This is a baby. He was so young. I never had interviewed someone that young before.										
GFX											
	 Aston “DAVID KIRKPATRICK Author, The Facebook Effect”										
David											
	 But as soon as he started talking, I settled down fast because he spoke with some of the most visionary language that I had experienced talking to anyone ever. I was sitting there talking to him and said I was thinking maybe I should write a book about your company. And he says go for it. And I was like holy shit he actually wants to cooperate and that was too good of an opportunity to pass up										
David											
	 He was one of four children. The only boy and his mother called him the Prince. He was anointed even within the family, in other words, which shaped his worldview tremendously.										
David											
	 He went to one of the most elite prep schools and thrived and triumphed there. And then of course he got into Harvard.										
GFX											
	 Text on Screen “HARVARD UNIVERSITY Boston MA”										
David											
	 You know Harvard is an anointment. Your feeling You have unlimited possibilities.										
Sheera											
	 He really wanted to be noticed. He wanted to be the smartest kid on campus. But Harvard is full of kids who were always the smartest kids in their school. And so Mark Zuckerberg had to find a way to get noticed. And he did that.										
GFX											
	 Aston “SHEERA FRENKEL Co-author, An Ugly Truth”										
Archive Senator											
	 Chair recognizes the gentleman from Missouri, Mr Long for 4 minutes.										
GFX											
	 Text on screen “2018”										
Archive Senator											
	 Thank you, mister chairman. One question I would like to ask is what was Facemash? And is it still up and running?										
Zuckerberg											
	 No congressman Facemash was a prank website that I launched in college in my dorm room										
Amelia											
	 It’s on page one, November 4 2003. Hot or not website briefly judges looks, which is a good headline. Zuckerberg wrote a journal published on the site itself, he wrote I need something to occupy my mind, I just need an idea.										
Ameila											
	 It's sort of spread across campus that there were these rankings of the hottest students on campus on Facemash, and everyone wanted to see the top five hottest guys in the top five hottest girls. And it was a unifying campus event. Everyone heard about it very quickly all at once. And it was all we were talking about.										
David											
10	 It was something he just did for the fun and then it got a little out of hand because people liked it so much. It was sexist, it was juvenile. It did get him in trouble. I don’t think he would have probably been expelled, but he was called before the disciplinary authorities at the school.										
	 And that made him a celebrated figure on campus by the time he launched Facebook, he was already like a famous innovator on campus. So people wanted to know what he was gonna do next.										
Ameila											
	 So one night in February of 2004, I’m sitting in my dorm room, and my roommate comes in, and she shows me on the screen, this very rudimentary template where your uploading a photo of yourself and sort of answering a few basic biographical details and it's called The Facebook.										
GFX											
	 Aston “AMELIA LESTER The Harvard Crimson, 2001-2005”										
Archive Reporter											
	 What is the Facebook exactly?										
Zuckerberg											
	 You sign on, you make a profile about yourself by answering some questions, entering some information phone numbers, interests, what books you like, movies, and most importantly, who your friends are. Then you can browse around and just find some interesting information about people.										
Amelia											
	 It was definitely romantically charged, if you decided you like someone and you wanted to learn more about them at the time, you had very few options relationship status women would put that they were married to their best friends. It's complicated, I think was also one that was popular. I do remember some of the questions that were on the Facebook template included political views, everyone very liberal, favourite quote. People would put earnest quotes. It was earnest. It wasn't ironic at the time.										
Zuckerberg											
	 I just threw together one week in January.										
Archive Reporter											
	 This was in your dorm room?										
Zuckerberg											
	 Yeah.										
Archive Reporter											
	 You launched Facebook in your dorm room										
Zuckerberg											
	 Yeah.										
GFX											
	 59 (moves to) 60”										
Amelia											
	 It was the 60th user it must have been only a couple of hours after he made it go live but then very shortly after that, everyone on campus was on it.										
GFX											
	 Yeah so if you ever need info about anyone at Harvard “										
GFX											
	 Just ask.”										
GFX											
	 I have over 4000 emails, pictures, addresses, sns”										
Sheera											
	 In one email exchange, he was kind of joking. Wow, all these people are submitting their stuff all these photos, they are so dumb they just give me their data. They don't understand how precious data is.										
GFX											
	 What? How’d you manage that one?”										
GFX											
	 People just submitted it”										
GFX											
	 They “Trust me””										
GFX											
	 Dumb fucks”										
Sheera											
	 Haha dumb fucks. Mark understands when he's very young, that private data on people can be used. He doesn't know how when he's in his early twenties, he has a certain voyeuristic approach to the data. I want to collect data for data sake, but initially it's just it feels like power. Data feels like power to him.										
GFX											
	 Text on screen “2018”										
Archive Senator											
	 Thank you, Mr. Chairman I want to follow up on the questions around the terms of service. Your terms of service are about 3200 words with 30 links. One of the links is to your data policy, which is about 2700 words with 22 links. And I think the point has been well made that people really have no earthly idea what they're signing up for but I'm wondering if you can explain to the billions of users in plain language what are they signing up for										
GFX											
	 Text on Screen “PALO ALTO Silicon Valley, California 2004”										
David											
	 Silicon Valley was the mecca of software and innovation and technology.										
Archive											
	 Amazon dot com this is Lance										
David											
	 Money was being poured into software companies and internet companies and it was seen as sort of the promised land of capitalism.										
Zuckerberg											
	 This is definitely very cool. I like it a lot. Just three years ago I was sleeping on the office floor and now obviously I've got $1,000,000 car and quite a few creature comforts.										
David											
	 And Zuckerberg was very impressed by that, that's for sure.										
Zuckerberg											
	 We had this feeling like, okay, all these great companies come from Silicon Valley. Wouldn't it be cool to spend a summer out there? Get that experience, but we expected to go back to Harvard in the fall. The thing that made it so that we didn’t was that Harvard has this great policy that lets you take as much time off as you want.										
David											
	 So in the summer of 2004, he rented a house and took a bunch of his Harvard chums out there, and they started programming Facebook from Palo Alto.										
Zuckerberg											
	 You know, the Internet, kind of by definition, is sort of a lawless place, particularly back then.										
Archive Reporter											
	 Today the US Court of Appeals ruled that Napster is infringing on copyrighted music, in essence letting its users steal songs.										
Max											
	 It's kind of probably no coincidence that this sort of wild forum would start in California, in the original Wild West.										
Max											
	 At the time, Silicon Valley companies were pushing the regulatory envelope.										
GFX											
	 Aston “MAX CHAFKIN Author, The Contrarian”										
Max											
	 They were doing things that in various ways seemed unacceptable and doing it with almost no consequences.										
Sheera											
	 Silicon Valley and the ethos of Silicon Valley couldn't have been more perfectly suited for Mark Zuckerberg if he had drawn it up himself. Because here you have this idea that there are disruptors of society who are smarter than everyone else, and they should be given money. They should be given power because they can create a technology that will disrupt the whole world.										
GFX											
	 (starting) 889,975 (ending) 1 000,000”										
Karel											
	 The life of my profile pictures.										
Karel											
	 That's my mom. We're in Lake Cuomo. I'm just amazed at how many photos I have on Facebook and how they're all relentlessly optimistic. I think it's just a celebration of my life actually. This wouldn't be bad on my gravestone, because this is actually what I'd like to be remembered as.										
Karel											
	 I'm Karel Balone. I was Mark Zuckerberg's first senior engineer at Facebook.										
Karel											
	 I have a master's in social psych, so just the idea of connecting people was really tremendous. And I had been an engineer in Silicon Valley for seven or eight years, and all of that was in corporations.										
GFX											
	 Aston “KAREL BALOUN, Facebook Senior Software Engineer 2005-2006”										
Karel											
	 So I was ready for a start up.										
Archive											
	 All right, what's the safety word?										
Karel											
	 It was the office above the Chinese restaurant with the graffiti on the wall.										
Archive											
	 One Two, three, four, five, six...										
Karel											
	 The office was very Spartan. There were IKEA tables. We assembled our own chairs the first day.										
Archive											
	 eleven, twelve, wow (laughter)										
Karel											
	 The amount of energy and confidence in that room was astounding.										
Karel											
	 You could see Mark coding in the corner on the floor. Sometimes he would just instead of sitting at the table, he would just lie down on the floor with his laptop flip flops up.										
Karel											
	 And Mark Zuckerberg’s handle is Zuck. It was a term of endearment.										
Archive											
	 Dude, what's up?										
Karel											
	 We were all that close.										
Zuckerberg											
	 The way that I can be unique is by revelling and being young and just being a little crazy. So, for example, there's this feature called Poking where you just go to someone's profile and you can poke the person and like, what does that do? Nothing. It sends them a message. It's like you've been poked, you know? Like, who cares? You know? I mean, it's like, I thought about it when I was drunk or something, you know? And like people really like poking each other for some reason. I don't think anyone can really explain.										
Karel											
	 Mark has a consistent vision that is very clearly articulated for everyone to understand. He wants to connect people. That was the supreme novel idea was that we are engaging on things together and it's bringing people together.										
Max											
	 I've been covering tech since 2015. Somewhere within almost every story in Silicon Valley that I've come across, Peter Thiel has been pretty much inside, behind, around. He's one of the key power brokers. He's started a company called PayPal with Elon Musk and from there built this empire.										
Archive											
	 The government is so, is so fundamentally evil, that to deny the evil nature of the government is equal to denying the existence of the devil.										
Max											
	 Kind of what makes Thiel interesting and special is that he's not just a money guy, he's sort of an influence guy.										
Archive											
	 Technology is this incredible alternative to politics and the task in this world where politics has become so broken and so dysfunctional is to find a way to escape from it.										
Max											
	 Most of his beliefs boil down to an idea that billionaires, in particular tech billionaires, should be afforded maximum freedom to run the world.										
Max											
	 The initial founding vision was that we were going to use technology to overturn the monetary system of the world.										
Max											
	 It's really easy to see why he likes Mark Zuckerberg.										
Max											
	 He had been sort of a bad boy of campus. He was kind of like pushing the bounds of what was acceptable and what was normal. And that is the kind of thing that Peter Thiel absolutely loves. And you can kind of see why. Because those kind of rule Breakers are the ones who are likely to, you know, find opportunities.										
David											
	 Peter Thiel was the first really serious businessperson to recognise the scale of what this could become, which is why he said, OK, I'll invest half a million for 10% of the company. And the parting words that Thiel left them with as they walked out of his office was just don't Fuck it up.										
GFX											
	 Card “Following Peter Thiel’s initial funding, Facebook receives millions of dollars from new investors”										
Archive Reporter											
	 Today the Facebook has nearly 5 million users across 1500 campuses. Joining me to talk about the fast-growing company is the founder and CEO, Mark Zuckerberg. Mark, thanks for joining us.										
Archive Zuckerberg											
	 Thanks for having me.										
Archive Reporter											
	 You received venture capital funding and received about $13 million. What was the pitch to VCs?										
Archive Zuckerberg											
	 Oh, we didn't do any pitch.										
Archive Reporter											
	 No?										
Karel											
	 He looked very young, but he carried himself in a way that showed confidence.										
Karel											
	 You know, having a 10-million-dollar cheque in your pocket probably does that to you.										
Nick											
	 What I can say about the early investors is they're all hard-core capitalists. They're all big time Valley people. They'd much rather have a one in a hundred chance of becoming a trillion-dollar company than a guaranteed $10 billion company. So, they're going to want you to take risks and they want you to be extreme in what you do.										
GFX											
	 Caption – “NICK THOMPSON, Wired, Editor-in-Chief, 2017-2021”										
David											
	 Mark thought of himself as a renegade leader of opposition to the established order, so he would sign his pages of the service. Sometimes you find the phrase founder, Master and commander, enemy of the state.										
GFX											
	 Founder, Master and commander, enemy of the state.”										
Archive Senator											
	 Thank you, Mr Zuckerberg, for being here. I note up until 2014 the mantra or motto of Facebook was “move fast and break things”. Is that correct?										
Archive Zuckerberg											
	 I don't know when we changed it, but the mantra is currently “move fast with stable infrastructure”, which is a much less sexy mantra.										
Archive Senator											
	 Sounds much more boring. But my question is, during the time it was Facebook’s mantra, do you think some of the misjudgements were as a result of that culture or that attitude?										
Max											
	 Where Thiel influenced Zuckerberg was in this idea of move fast and break things? Growing like as big as you can, as fast as you can. That is the Peter Thiel approach. Push the gas as hard as you can, spend as much money as possible on anything you can do to grow, to ensure that you have absolute network dominance.										
Karel											
	 Every day we would code and push that immediately to the site. Then it would hit the site and we would see whether it worked or not. And if there was a bug, we might roll back what was on the site. Or we might just push a patch right over it. And there was very little safety or control.										
Sheera											
	 There's a video of Mark Zuckerberg where he goes back to Harvard and he essentially tells students that they should buck the system the way he did.										
GFX											
	 Text on screen – “CS50 Lecture by Mark Zuckerberg, Harvard University”										
Zuckerberg											
	 I think it's more useful to, like, make things happen and then apologize later than it is to make sure that you dot all your “i’s” now and then, like just not get stepped on.										
GFX											
	 Text on screen – “CS50 Lecture by Mark Zuckerberg, Harvard University”										
David											
	 He loved playing strategy games from a young age and winning in everything he did has always been a high priority for him. Dominating, succeeding. He used to end every meeting at the company by shouting “domination”. That was like his sort of catch phrase that he ended meetings with. And you know, that reflects a lot about his personality, his goals. He wanted to dominate, and he wanted to win.										
Sheera											
	 Mark Zuckerberg needs to distinguish his company from other social media companies at the time. Because even though he's incredibly popular among college students, he still has competition. There's MySpace, there's Friendster. And he very quickly understands that by making decisions as a company about what people see, he can create a revolutionary product.										
Sheera											
	 What Mark did was really use the first algorithmic device that would rank what you saw. It made decisions for you.										
David											
	 People competed with each other to have the most Facebook friends. You have 100 friends? I have 200 friends. Or 2000 or whatever. All of a sudden, they could see everything about you and you could see everything about them in a newly automated fashion. And many people didn't like that.										
David											
	 They viewed that as an invasion of privacy and it was a crisis.										
Max											
	 Over and over again in the history of Facebook, the company would kind of go to a place that was like a little edgy. They just sort of violated everyone's privacy without asking. Facebook's approach for most of its history was to, you know, shoot first and ask questions later.										
Karel											
	 He apologized publicly for how he rolled it out or for poorly communicating about this new feature. But the feature was going to be there because it had real utility.										
Sheera											
	 He wanted you to spend hours kind of scrolling your news feed, getting this constant sort of stream of data about people you knew and people you were interested in.										
Archive Reporter											
	 Students looking at Facebook average 18 minutes a day, and that fact has rocketed the company's value into the hundreds of millions of dollars, maybe more.										
GFX											
	 Card – “Date 2006 Users 12,000,000”										
David											
	 The company was just growing like crazy at that time.										
Roger											
	 I got a phone call from an executive at Facebook that I barely knew, and he said, my boss is facing a crisis and he needs advice from somebody who really understands Silicon Valley. Would you take a meeting with Mark Zuckerberg? And so Mark Zuckerberg came to my office and he looked just like Mark Zuckerberg. I mean, the grey hoodie, the jeans. And he goes, Yahoo! is offered $1,000,000,000 to buy Facebook. And everybody I know, including my parents, has told me to take the money. So I looked at Mark and I said, well, there's only one that question matters. What do you want? Do you want to sell the company?										
Karel											
	 He refused, famously, to sell Facebook to Yahoo! for $1,000,000,000 and everybody was against him. A lot of money for all of us, right? None of us were independently wealthy. He was saying this is a valuable idea and I can execute it better than Yahoo! That type of confidence and fearlessness when even technical obstacles are daunting. Well, it's courage.										
David											
	 If they had sold to Yahoo! at a billion, they would all have been quite rich, but they were going to be really rich. More and more press attention from people even like myself, was, you know, flattering them and making them feel the centre of the universe. And they were like, yeah, we are really the cool ones.										
Archive Reporter											
	 Let's talk about business. There are reports that this company is still not breaking even. And what shocked me when I read that was with 175 million customers, how can any business not make money? What's the explanation for that?										
David											
	 Zuckerberg was still living on a mattress on the floor, you know, hardly ever even going home because he was just working around the clock. He cared very little about anything else other than user growth and user engagement.										
David											
	 Well after Facebook had been going for three years or so, the investors were increasingly determined that somebody had to figure out how to make a lot of money out of this tremendous cultural and community success.										
Sheryl											
	 Oh, wow. That's awesome. How are you?										
Archive Reporter											
	 Sheryl Sandberg is an unlikely revolutionary. At 43, she is one of the few women at the top of corporate America.										
David											
	 Sheryl changed everything. She was a practiced business leader who had in many ways built the advertising business at Google.										
Sheryl											
	 Panama hats. Let's say I was looking for Panama hats today. Here I go. Panama hats direct a very specific search, looking for a very specific product. And the advertiser is able to find me and I'm looking for that product.										
Nick											
	 There is a crucial, crucial moment in the evolution of Facebook.										
Nick											
	 Sheryl Sandberg comes on board and is given the mandate. Figure out how this thing can make money.										
Sheryl											
	 We just literally had dinner at my house and Mark would say, sometimes, you know, I'm so sorry, I can't invite you over for dinner. But at the time, he only had like a one room apartment. He never had any furniture make it a futon. He thought that would be awkward, which it would have been.										
Sheryl											
	 Thank you all.										
Nick											
	 There are lots of choices that she and they could have made. And they made a choice to sell targeted advertising based on individual data.										
David											
	 The thing about Facebook that was so unique was that it had a whole lot of data that you had voluntarily provided, where you lived, how old you were, whether you were in a relationship, what your interests are. These are invaluable pieces of information for people trying to sell ads.										
Karel											
	 People were uploading photos, people were posting status updates to their feed. But it was really about what's going on in my mind right now. The prompt is still the same. What's on your mind?										
Karel											
	 But people are really using it in real time to say what was on their mind.										
David											
	 Sheryl Sandberg realized that a system with that many users was going to be a huge opportunity for advertising. And from the time she arrived, they started making more money.										
Nick Green											
	 Are you Facebook friends with Mark?										
Richard											
	 Yes. Yeah, I have been since the beginning. He just posted he's going to have another baby. And so I liked the fact that he's having another baby, wished him a Happy New Year at the beginning of this year. And he liked back in my comment, wishing him a happy New Year.										
GFX											
	 Aston – “RICHARD ALLAN, Facebook VP 2009-2019”										
Richard											
	 I found myself in the mid-2000’s working at a company called Cisco and Facebook came knocking on my door.										
Archive											
	 Good afternoon, Facebook how can I help you?										
Richard											
	 When I arrived. Wow. It was chaotic.										
Richard											
	 I just found these really smart, really high energy people bouncing around.										
Richard											
	 In those sort of early 20 tens. If you worked for Facebook, everyone was fascinated by it. You did feel like in a sense an ambassador for this amazing force that was potentially going to change the world.										
Zuckerberg											
	 Urm, I'm sorry. I'm kind of nervous. We have the president of the United States here.										
Archive Obama											
	 My name is Barack Obama and I’m the guy who got marked to wear a jacket and tie. Thank you. And, in fact, if you’d like, Mark, we can take our jackets off.										
Archive Obama											
	 Part of what makes for a healthy democracy is when you've got citizens who are informed, who are engaged. And what Facebook allows us to do is make sure this isn't just a one-way conversation.										
David											
	 Well, it was widely said at the time of Obama's election that one of the ways he won was by so effectively campaigning on Facebook.										
Archive Obama											
	 Who is Barack Obama? The answer is right there on my Facebook page.										
David											
	 That was a deeply impressive to Zuckerberg and made him feel pretty puffed up. I'd say, yeah. Hey, we helped get the president elected. That was heady, very heady.										
Lady Gaga											
	 Hi, this is Lady Gaga. And I'm saying hello to all of my little monsters on Facebook. I love you guys so much.										
GFX											
	 Text on screen – “Lady Gaga thanks her Little Monsters on Facebook”										
Max											
	 You know, this clip Lady Gaga shows back then, Facebook was unambiguously cool.										
Archive Reporter											
	 Here is what Time magazine said in 2010 when it named Zuckerberg Person of the Year, quote, “In less than seven years, Zuckerberg wired together a 12th of humanity into a single network, thereby creating a social entity almost twice as large as the United States, worth more than $80 billion. It has turned into something that has changed the way human beings relate to one another on a species wide scale. “										
Richard											
	 Anybody. Literally anybody with no technical skills had the power of the mainstream media outlet and in their hands.										
Archive Reporter											
	 Mark Zuckerberg says Facebook's almost guaranteed to reach the 1 billion user mark.										
GFX											
	 0 ending 985,00,00”										
Richard											
	 We were empowering people, people who previously have been disempowered and that was a noble mission, and we were all signed up for that. And that's what got you out of bed in the morning, was putting the power of a major communication platform into the hands of an ordinary person, wherever they were in the world, at no cost.										
Richard											
	 Back in 2010, we had some Arabic speakers already in the team who were looking at content and they flagged the fact they were seeing interesting stuff.										
Richard											
	 In particular, there was an Egyptian page calling for a massive demonstration.										
Archive Reporter											
	 Did you plan a revolution?										
Archive											
	 Yeah, we did.										
Richard											
	 Here were all these people in countries like Tunisia, Syria and Egypt who could create their own alternative media in opposition to a state control of the media to within an inch of its life and allowed them no space. They created the revolution, not us. We went there on the barricades, but we had given them a media tool.										
Archive											
	 First Tunisia, now Egypt. What's next? At Facebook? Facebook. You're giving Facebook a lot of credit for this. Yeah, for sure. I want to meet Mark Zuckerberg one day and thank him, actually.										
Richard											
	 An Arab Spring was the point at which I think a lot of the world woke up to the fact this wasn't a platform for kids. It was actually influential and potentially world changing. Mark was feted. I would go and see government ministers in Europe who previously had not been particularly interested who was suddenly going, Oh, you know, this Facebook thing actually I want to know about. It is interesting. I want to meet Mark Zuckerberg, because now politicians see the platform as politically powerful. And there was a glow period of time after that.										
Archive											
	 Today, an astronomical benchmark as Facebook officially announces it now has 1 billion users, 1/7 of the world's population.										
Katie											
	 I joined a month after the Arab Spring. I knew that they had made me the offer on Valentine's Day of 2011. And so I posted, “I'm excited that I'll be joining the Facebook DC team very soon.” In all honesty, I'm having a lot of feelings kind of flood back of what that felt like on that first day, walking through the doors, having no idea what the next ten years were going to have in store for me.										
GFX											
	 Aston – “KATIE HARBATH, Facebook Public Policy Director 2014-2019”										
Katie											
	 In 2011-ish, 2012, Facebook moved to the old Sun Microsystems campus										
Archive											
	 Hello how are you?										
Katie											
	 Sun Microsystems was a very prominent company in Silicon Valley that ended up going under. Mark was very worried about being out innovated. You don't want to become Friendster. You don't want to become MySpace. You had to KEEP moving. You had to keep doing stuff, because if you didn't, someone was going to run faster than you. Every day when you left, seeing that Sun Microsystems logo was meant to be a reminder. You could be this big behemoth one day and tomorrow you could be having a rummage sale to sell your desks.										
David											
	 He did not want competition in the social media industry. No business leader likes competition. He always saw Facebook as an industry in itself.										
Sheera											
	 Mark has always been a deeply competitive person. He didn't just want to be famous. He wanted to be historic.										
Max											
	 Facebook is like the largest media company in history, and one person, Mark Zuckerberg, is its dictator. And that was set up early on by Peter Thiel. Thiel was instrumental in creating a situation where Zuckerberg had this kind of like, controlling share in the company. He set Facebook up so that Zuckerberg could do whatever he wants.										
Sheera											
	 Peter Thiel really backed the idea of the founder genius. You founded this company. You came up with the idea of a social network. You are the genius and you need to be in control of this. You need to be calling all the shots. To the degree that we will structure your company so that nobody can hold you accountable.										
Max											
	 That gave Zuckerberg essentially complete control over this company, which continues to this day. Basically, Zuckerberg could do whatever he wants.										
Archive Reporter											
	 Facebook is buying Instagram. That's a popular photo sharing service for $1 billion in cash and stock.										
Archive Reporter											
	 Mark Zuckerberg reportedly negotiated the deal to acquire Instagram for $1,000,000,000 without alerting the board or consulting with the board.										
David											
	 Instagram was tiny, but it was growing very, very rapidly. It was obvious that it was cool and the cool people were already using it, even though it only had 30 million users. It had every major, you know, smart person in Silicon Valley using it. He already knew that he was a little behind the curve on adapting to the smartphone era because Facebook had been built for the PC era, and Instagram was designed for the mobile age. He was very concerned that if he didn't buy Instagram, it would be a major competitive problem for him.										
Max											
	 Everyone was convinced that Zuckerberg spending $1,000,000,000 for Instagram was a sign that, you know, the world had gone crazy because, like, how could a company with few dozen employees possibly be worth $1,000,000,000?										
Archive Reporter											
	 What is that? 30 million users just like a social media platform for photos? It's retro. Retro Make me Look Young is cool.										
Archive											
	 Give a hand for the Instagram founders.										
Archive											
	 The idea is to sell your company to a company that's going to be a rocket ship. And I remember Mike and I talking about like, do we believe that by being part of this larger company, Instagram can reach an even higher potential even more quickly? And that was the bet that we made.										
Sheera											
	 Facebook makes money by collecting data on its users and then selling ads. Instagram was important because you were that much more likely to share photos which showed things in them of what you might be interested in. And if you're trying to sell somebody a product, be it a car or T-shirt, it could show where you were in terms of income bracket.										
Sheera											
	 And so a lot of these things would have been really lucrative for Mark Zuckerberg.										
Archive Reporter											
	 There's a clue to the potential financial attraction the moment you download Instagram. 30 million worldwide now have the app. Every one of them has handed over their personal details, creating a bulging database now the property of Facebook.										
Max											
	 And the same thing with WhatsApp, you know, paying billions of dollars for this messaging platform that had almost no revenue.										
Archive Senator											
	 Mr Zuckerberg, would you be comfortable sharing with us the name of the hotel you stayed in last night?										
GFX											
	 Text on screen – “Date 2018”										
Zuckerberg											
	 No										
Archive Senator											
	 If you messaged anybody this week, would you share with us the names of the people you messaged?										
Zuckerberg											
	 Senator, No, I would probably not choose to do that publicly here.										
Archive Senator											
	 I think that may be what this is all about. Your right to privacy. The limits of your right to privacy and how much you give away in modern America, in the name of quote “connecting people around the world.”										
Archive Senator											
	 Question, basically of what information Facebook is collecting, who they're sending it to, and whether they were asking me in advance my permission to do that. Is that a fair thing for a user of Facebook to expect?										
Zimmer											
	 The Zuckerberg Files came out of a project where I was thinking about how does Zuckerberg talk about privacy? So I started collecting blog posts and speeches or interviews that he gave around privacy and decided to build a digital archive. And so we've created the Zuckerberg Files and have been collecting every single thing that he says in public. One of the earliest clips that we have is a family video of when Mark Zuckerberg received his acceptance letter into Harvard University.										
GFX											
	 Aston – “MICHAEL ZIMMER, The Zuckerberg Files, Marquette University”										
GFX											
	 Text on screen – “Home Video, Edward Zuckerberg”										
Zuckerberg											
	 Yay I got accepted.										
Zimmer											
	 One of his other first interviews he gave to some filmmakers is him sitting on a couch in shorts with a red cup, probably with beer in it, and a T-shirt just hanging out and giving an interview.										
Zuckerberg											
	 I mean, like whether we have something that will last for a really long time or is this just like kind of a cool toy for people to play with now? We'll see.										
Zimmer											
	 And that's one of the fun things about the archive. We can see how he's kind of evolved and how his image changes. And one of the moments when that happened was an interview he gave where there were really hot lights. There were some controversies going on, some really hard questions. He was sweating onstage.										
Archive											
	 You want to take off the hoodie?										
GFX											
	 Text on screen – “All Things D, D8 Conference”										
Zuckerberg											
	 Woah										
Archive											
	 All right. All right. That's okay.										
Zimmer											
	 You could tell he was uncomfortable. He took off his sweatshirt and inside of his sweatshirt is like this kind of weird company logo.										
Zuckerberg											
	 We print our mission on the inside.										
Archive											
	 What? What is it? Making the…										
Zuckerberg											
	 Making the world more open and connected.										
Archive											
	 Oh, my God. It's like a secret cult.										
Zimmer											
	 And really, from that point on, I think then they brought in the corporate communication heavyweights, gave him some speech training. That's when we start seeing the jokes about Zuckerberg as a robot. And, you know, and that there's this kind of coldness to how he engages. More recently, he's been posting more about his family…										
GFX											
	 Text on screen – “@zuck, 13th September 2017, Instagram”										
Zimmer											
	 … including now occasionally pictures of his children.										
GFX											
	 Text on screen – “@zuck, 18th August 2017, Instagram”										
Zimmer											
	 But interestingly, we rarely see his children's faces.										
GFX											
	 Text on screen – “@zuck, 5th July 2023, Instagram”										
Zimmer											
	 So I'm assuming he wants to make…										
GFX											
	 Text on screen – “@zuck, 27th May 2017, Instagram”										
Zimmer											
	 …sure his kids faces don't get put online for privacy reasons or any kind of face recognition or for their own safety. But of course, his platform has built tools to scan our pictures in our faces. So he's taking these steps to protect his family, you know, in ways that maybe many users don't understand how they should be doing similar things to protect their own privacy on his platform.										
Archive Reporter											
	 Facebook, as I said, Josh hitting another new all time high today, about 70 bucks. It just seems unstoppable. They like every move he makes, now. I don't know how much longer this lasts, but for right now it seems he can do no wrong, and the stock price reflects that.										
Trump											
	 Ladies and gentlemen, I am officially running for president of the United States.										
Katie											
	 When Trump first came down that escalator to announce that he was running for president, myself, like a lot of others, was like, this is probably not going to last very long.										
Brad											
	 I got an email one night from Trump's PR that said, Donald Trump's thing about running for president. You want to help? I was like, yeah, sure.										
GFX											
	 Aston – “BRAD PARSCALE, Digital Campaign Manager, Donald Trump for President Inc”										
Brad											
	 I walk into this big room. So, I listened for an hour to a pitch of all this stuff they're going to do. And they asked what I think, and I just said, no. I just said, we're going to do something completely different. I said, we’re going to win this thing on Facebook.										
Brad											
	 I went home, and I focused all day, every day, creating most of the content, doing everything myself, my laptop at home, just me. We need to talk directly to every single person individually so that they can have the proper understanding of who Donald Trump is and what he wants to do. Voters are busy, lives are doing things, but they're on Facebook during lunch. They're doing the Facebook in the evenings. They're on Facebook and they're going in the restroom. So, you have these moments of time where you could get into their brain. Facebook said, we’ll give you a team. You can sit in your office all day and you can ask him whatever you want. Anything breaks, they'll fix it. If you spend this much money and I said, I'm going slice $100 million. They're like, well, that's plenty.										
Nick											
	 Zuckerberg's ideology is to bring the world together. Donald Trump, whether you like him or not, that is certainly not his ideology. I think he probably thought it was going be the best possible outcome. Donald Trump driving lots of engagement, Donald Trump buying lots of ads and then Donald Trump losing.										
Brad											
	 I think they thought they were going to take the money and Trump would be a joke and they'd all benefit from it. I don't think they saw what was coming at all. I did.										
Trump Archive											
	 And yes, we will build a wall.										
Roger											
	 The way you work with Facebook as you say, the people I want to reach look like this. Find all the people in Facebook who look like the people I want. And when you have one in seven voters in your custom audience, the precision with which you can target is completely unprecedented.										
Nick											
	 So he says, I'm going to sell a ton of hats that say, Make America great. Somebody buys one of those hats, and then he says to Facebook, okay, now put a Trump 2016 ad in front of everybody who has characteristics similar to the person who bought the hat. Facebook knows everything about everybody. So it finds all of these people who are similar in whatever way the Facebook algorithm can determine to the person who just bought the hat.										
Katie											
	 Anything we were offering to the Trump team. We're also offering to the Clinton team. Hillary's folks were like, Thanks, we've got it. Don't call us. We'll call you if we need help.										
Archive Trump											
	 Donald J. Trump is calling for a total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States until our country's representatives can figure out what the hell is going on.										
Nick											
	 Facebook was a perfect medium for Donald Trump. He appeals to the emotions that work on Facebook, our lizard brain emotions, and not our thoughtful brain emotions. Hate them, love them. Yet immediate reactions to Donald Trump. That's how the Facebook outing was viewed, particularly in 2016.										
Katie											
	 I went to go check my phone and I see Trump's post and immediately I'm like, Oh, no, this is not good. And I ping some folks on my team and I'm like, make sure nobody takes down this post without escalating it up to leadership.										
Richard											
	 They are crossing a line and we've not had that before. We want to protect political speech. And the assumption was that political candidates will not say completely unreasonable things that break our rules.										
Archive Trump											
	 You got to see this guy. Oh, I don't know what I said. I don't remember.										
Katie											
	 He's starting to put things on Facebook that are challenging us that we never thought we'd have to grapple with.										
Archive Trump											
	 So if you see somebody getting ready to throw a tomato, knock the crap out of it, would you? Seriously?										
Katie											
	 Are we seriously now in a spot where we're have to think about taking down content from the potential president of the United States?										
Richard											
	 Normally we'd have that discussion with Sheryl. If it's sufficiently momentous, then Sheryl will then take it to Mark, and then he'll either go with it or he won't.										
Archive Trump											
	 When Mexico sends its people, they're bringing drugs. They're bringing crime. They're rapists.										
Richard											
	 Mark did understand the scope for abuse, and he felt that. The way you avoid that is you say we, the platform, are neutral. We don't decide what's in your news feed. You, the user, decide what's in your news feed.										
Katie											
	 Mark does an interesting interview where he is in a room full of people, and you can see he really held on to this idea that all speech is good and that people would see the misinformation for what it was.										
GFX											
	 Text on screen – “Facebook Town Hall Q & A, Barcelona”										
Zuckerberg											
	 This is tricky, right? Because lies. What the line is between something which is factually untrue and what is a disagreement of opinion is not always a black and white line. You know, we don't want to block people from sharing something on Facebook, even if it's untrue.										
Archive Trump											
	 Forget the press. Read the Internet. Study other things. Don't go for the mainstream media.										
Nick											
	 I saw how Facebook was polluting the news ecosystem, and I saw that it was making media worse. I noticed that stories with no information, salacious headlines, all kinds of problematic features were doing much better than other stories. That's when I started to really say, Oh, wait, what's going on here?										
Archive Trump											
Audience chanting	 And then, of course, we have Crooked Hillary. Crooked Hillary.										
	Audience chanting										
Katie											
	 What should we be thinking about fact checking? Should we be thinking about this?										
Archive Trump											
	 Is there anybody more crooked than this woman?										
Katie											
I kind of had these two sides in my brain fighting against one another. And I think a lot of others at the company did, too.	 We're in the middle of an election. We don't want to be looking like we're putting our thumbs on the scale. I was like, he might win…no, he's not going to win.										
	I kind of had these two sides in my brain fighting against one another. And I think a lot of others at the company did, too.										
Archive											
	 Please welcome the co-founder of PayPal and first investor in Facebook, entrepreneur Peter Thiel.										
Thiel											
	 Good evening. I'm Peter Theil. I build companies and I support people who are building new things from social networks to rocket ships. I'm not a politician, but neither is Donald Trump. He is a builder, and it's time to rebuild America.										
Archive Reporter											
	 He’s a self-described libertarian, but he's a delegate for Donald Trump. He's an immigrant from Germany, pro tech, obviously. And is openly gay.										
Thiel											
	 Tonight, I urge all of my fellow Americans to stand up and vote for Donald Trump.										
Max											
	 Peter Thiel is very interested in business, but has spent two decades as a right wing political activist. I think Thiel has had an influence on Zuckerberg's politics. And insofar as Zuckerberg is kind of a libertarian who thinks that, you know, the world be better off if tech companies could just do whatever they want and and the government should get out of his way and that he's you know, he's kind of okay more okay with Donald Trump than a lot of people. Those are things that Thiel, I think, had an influence on him. But I don't think Zuckerberg has deep political views at all. I think his politics are Facebook and his politics are Mark Zuckerberg.										
Brad											
	 I'm upstairs with Trump, his residence, and I get a phone call from my data staff that's pulling out all the numbers and they're like, Brad you did it. The numbers are there. Trump's won. I can't believe it. I walked out and I told Donald Trump, I shook his hand and I said, Congratulations, Mr. President. He said, Really? And I said, It's done. They're going to recount it two or three times before they announce it. But you won.										
Archive Reporter											
	 And I've confirmed that Donald Trump will be the 45th president of the United States.										
Nick											
	 People are just shocked. How did this happen? What's going on? What does it mean? And one of the quick and early hypotheses is, oh, wait, it's because of Facebook. Because the fake news on Facebook is, because the way the Facebook algorithm works. Stories start to come out about Russian influence. And the stories are overcooked, and they give too much credit to the Russians.										
Nick											
	 But suddenly it looks like Facebook missed something.										
Archive David											
	 I’m so excited to…										
David											
	 I ran a company which put-on high-end tech conferences, and for years I had been trying to get Zuckerberg to come and speak. And finally, you know, I hit it.										
Archive Zuckerberg											
	 Hey. Good to see you.										
David											
	 I wasn't even associating his speaking at the conference with the fact that it was two days after the election. (sync from Archive) And I do remember thinking. Before he was on stage with me that he seemed very preoccupied.										
Archive David											
	 But thank you so much for being here.										
Archive Zuckerberg											
	 Glad too										
Archive David											
	 Post election you've been getting a lot of pushback from people who feel that you didn't filter out enough fake stories during the course of the campaign.										
Archive Zuckerberg											
	 You know, personally, I think the the idea that, you know, fake news on Facebook of which, you know, it's a it's a very small amount of of of the content influenced the election in any way I think is a pretty crazy idea, right? And it’s um…										
David											
	 I was still fundamentally sympathetic to him up to that point, but it was clear that no, it wasn't a crazy idea at all. That, in fact, whether they swung the election or not is still a subject of debate, but fake news on Facebook had had an impact. I was deeply disappointed in him. I was forced to think very hard.										
David											
	 What do I really think about him?										
Archive David											
	 Thank you so much for being here.										
Archive Zuckerberg											
	 Thank you, guys.										
Archive David											
	 Really good. Thanks, Mark.										
David											
	 I was really alarmed by what was increasingly obvious to be the consequences of his failures of governance.										
Katie											
	 Overnight, we went from everything we touched to turn to gold. Everything we touched turned to dust. And now we're grappling with the downsides of this thing that we built. When I first joined, movies were being made. The founders on the cover of Time magazine. You're overthrowing dictators and now seven years later, you're being told you destroyed democracy.										
David											
	 It wasn't until Donald Trump was elected that it began to be apparent just how dangerous a system like this could be. And don't forget, it was also Brexit.										
Archive Farage											
	 The sun has risen on an independent United Kingdom.										
David											
	 Erdogan in Turkey. Duterte in the Philippines. Orban in Hungary. All elected using Facebook, in every single case.										
Richard											
	 Everything changes from sort of 2016 onwards after that Trump election people in the company went from feeling the sense of loyalty to feeling they had a wider loyalty to something outside. They went from being proud to go out and say I work for Facebook to being ashamed of it. You start to think maybe we are the bad guys.										
Richard											
	 In terms of Mark’s persona…his big positive persona becomes a big negative persona from that point onwards.										
GFX											
	 Text on screen – “Live with Sheryl, Facebook										
Archive Zuckerberg											
	 All right. Hey, everyone. I'm here with my friend and Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg for our typical one on one.										
Archive Sheryl											
	 Welcome to our one on one. Here we are…										
Sheera											
	 Sheryl Sandberg and Mark, do these twice a week, one on ones. But it's put on for show to make people feel that Facebook is a place largely for good rather than with conspiracies, hate speech and misinformation that was really flooding the platform.										
Archive Sheryl											
	 It's been a really important year for sharing because a lot has happened and not all of it positive. This has been a year of a lot of angst, a lot of people having issues, really serious issues, violence, war, terrorism all around the world. But you also see these other moments. You see, you know, the number one live video of the year was the Chewbacca mom.										
Archive Chewbacca mum											
	 Hey, I'm I'm really excited to share with you something I got. Here we go. I got to take of my glasses for it, naturally. Okay, here we go. So, yes. Now, watch when my mouth actually moves. Oh, my gosh. I'm in tears.										
Archive Reporter											
	 We see the Jewellers and other Muslim owned businesses being ransacked by Buddhist residents and monks.										
GFX											
	 Facebook has turned into a beast in Myanmar, 13 March 2018”										
Sheera											
	 In my mind, Myanmar is the starkest example of what can go wrong with Facebook. It comes at a moment where Facebook is desperate to expand to the rest of the world. They are committed to bringing on the next 1 billion users. There is virtually no research done into Myanmar as a country or understanding that this is a place in the world where there is no free press, there are no, you know, independent government institutions. They were buying their own PR, that the most important thing was to bring people online. And if you brought people online, inherent good would come from that. And they didn't want to listen to the many people who were telling them that in some cases, bringing people online when there wasn't media literacy or a Free Press or any other institution to hold it in account could lead to hate speech.										
Archive Reporter											
	 From a hilltop, we see a young man, presumably Muslim, attacked by men wielding sticks. He staggers, attempting to flee, but he is forced to the earth.										
Sheera											
	 I was a reporter in Myanmar, and I wrote an article…										
GFX											
	01PM”										
Sheera											
	 …and part of that article documented the rise in hate speech. I interviewed people in Myanmar who said I didn't know the Rohingya were raping and killing our women. But now that I'm on Facebook, I know the Rohingya are actually these horrible creatures, you know. And I took that to Facebook as a reporter and I said, can you please look at these posts that I'm sending you? Because I can tell as a reporter that this is actually footage that's been manipulated to make it look as if the Rohingya are carrying out atrocities. And Facebook told me to take a hike. Years later, I found out even more activists begin to send Facebook warnings and saying hate speech has just gone off the rails. Report after report after report and Facebook does nothing. They even bring in an activist to speak to them in their headquarters who says, if you do nothing, a genocide could happen. And people that walk out of that room with him and go, I think he's exaggerating. I don't think he knows what he's talking about. That's not going to happen. That’s not going to be our fault.										
Archive Senator											
	 You know, six months ago, I asked you, general counsel, about Facebook's role as a breeding ground for hate speech. This is a type of content referring to a cause for the death of a Muslim journalist in Myanmar. That threat went straight to your detection system, it spread very quickly. And then it took attempt after attempt to attempt to get you to remove it										
GFX											
	 Text on screen – “2018”										
Zuckerberg											
	 Senator, what's happening in Myanmar is a terrible tragedy and we need to do more.										
Archive Senator											
	 We all agree with that.										
Zuckerberg											
	 Okay.										
Archive Senator											
	 But, UN investigators have blamed you, blamed Facebook for playing a role in citing possible genocide in Myanmar.										
David											
	 He sees himself as having built a platform for all humanity. And in his mind, that's a good thing. There will be tremendous benefits from making the world more open and connected, etc., etc.. But humanity includes some bad actors. There's a lot of nasty people. That's not his problem. Yeah, there's going to be some nasty shit that happens. People are going to do things that are illegal, immoral, cruel, hateful, murderous, even. But don't blame me. That's human nature.										
Archive Reporter											
	 It is reporting to both the Justice Department and the FBI are investigating the now defunct political data firm Cambridge Analytica.										
Archive Reporter											
	 The data firm hired by Donald Trump's presidential election campaign used secretly obtained information from tens of millions of unsuspecting Facebook users.										
Archive Reporter											
	 Misuse of Facebook data is at the centre of this scandal involving both Facebook and Cambridge Analytica.										
GFX											
	 Card – “March 2018 News breaks of a massive breach of Facebook user data”										
Archive Reporter											
	 Facebook now says 87 million users may have had their information shared with Cambridge Analytica. We, as the public were impacted by it, notably have not heard from the brand name of Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg or CEO Sheryl Sandberg.										
Nick											
	 Neither one of them wanted to be the face of this. And Zuckerberg was probably like, well, it's your thing, it's your department. And she was like, you're the CEO. And neither one of them could decide who would go out and take the heat. And eventually, five days later, it's clear that someone has to come out.										
Archive Reporter											
	 I want to start with just a basic question, Mark. What happened? What went wrong?										
Zuckerberg											
	 So, this was a major breach of trust. And I'm really sorry that this happened.										
Archive Senator											
	 You know, you have a long list of apologies. In 2003, it started at Harvard. I apologize for any harm done as a result of my neglect. 2006, we really messed this one up. 2007, we simply did a bad job I apologize for. 2010, sometimes we move too fast. 2011, I'm the first to admit that we've made a bunch of mistakes. 2017, I ask for forgiveness. I will work to do better. So it seems to me that self-regulation simply does not work.										
Sheera											
But there comes a moment after Cambridge Analytica in 2018 where it's not working anymore.	 Mark Zuckerberg's experience as an individual is that he does things which upset people. He apologises and everybody moves on.										
	But there comes a moment after Cambridge Analytica in 2018 where it's not working anymore.										
Archive Reporter											
	 Senator, do you think that you really can trust a company to police itself when it comes to our privacy and when it comes to things like not censoring our freedom of speech?										
Archive Senator											
	 As of right now, no.										
Cecilia											
	 Lawmakers in Washington were getting impatient because the controversies were stacking. Sentiment was turning against the technology industry. They had wanted Mark Zuckerberg to testify for more than a year and Facebook declined, they refused. And then they threatened to subpoena Mark Zuckerberg if he didn’t appear in hearings in Washington. And so finally, they agreed that Mark Zuckerberg would come to testify.										
Archive Senator											
	 There's a reason all these incredibly important and effective disruptors of social media communications, shopping started in America because we had light touch regulation. Now they've gotten big. So we have a job to step in. If they if they don't perform according to to the rules of the road.										
Cecilia											
	 Facebook has not been regulated at all at that point, and any sort of regulation that could pop up would be catastrophic for the company. Any regulation and privacy, and data collection would impede Facebook's business model, which is to collect as much data as possible and to sell that data to advertisers. That is the heart of Facebook's business model.										
Richard											
	 Mark knows that it's high stakes. You know that the chances of getting something wrong are quite high. So I think he's he's absolutely laser focused.										
Cecilia											
	 Facebook hired one of the biggest law firms, and for two weeks this law firm went to Menlo Park and spent time with Mark Zuckerberg holed up in conference room, grilling him in sort of mock hearings, grilling him on the names of members of Congress on what questions he would ask. It was almost like a mock debate preparation.										
Richard											
	 I think what he wants is, to get in there. Don't screw up. Get out.										
GFX											
	 Text on Screen – “U.S Capitol, Washington D.C 10th April 2018”										
Archive Reporter											
	 It's a monumental moment for Facebook. This is a company that's become ubiquitous. It's now under fire for not being transparent with its users about its use of our data. Now, CEO Mark Zuckerberg will have his moment on Capitol Hill testifying before Congress.										
Cecilia											
	 The stakes are very, very high. Mark Zuckerberg walked into the hearing room in the navy, blue suit and surrounded by an entourage of lobbyists.										
Cecilia											
	 He came in with almost like a slight smile on his face, trying to look cordial, trying to look cool and calm and collected. They're unfazed. They don't want to show that they're deeply inside very, very nervous.										
Max											
	 I think there was a sense among lawmakers that this was an opportunity to arrest this incredibly fast growing, dominant social cultural business phenomenon.										
Archive Reporter											
	 Mark, are you putting privacy over profits now?										
Cecilia											
	 His lobbyists had negotiated with staff to make sure the air conditioning was jacked up so that Mark Zuckerberg wouldn't sweat on camera.										
Cecilia											
	 Not only is the public, competitors and lawmakers all watching this hearing, but so is the stock market. Investors were watching the hearings to see if Mark Zuckerberg might trip up and say something that could hurt the future of the business and therefore hurt the stock.										
Archive Senator											
	 Committee on the Judiciary and the Commerce, Science and Transportation will come to order.										
GFX											
	 Aston – “SHEERA FRENKEL, Co-author, An Ugly Truth”										
Sheera											
	 The beginning of the hearings with Mark Zuckerberg are tense. You could tell the Facebook flock in the room are tense. You could tell Mark is tensely sitting. He's kind of very squared off.										
GFX											
	 Aston – “NICK THOMPSON, Wired, Editor-in-Chief, 2017-2021”										
Nick											
	 I was captivated. What are the questions they're going to ask? What are they going to uncover? What are they going to learn?										
Archive Senator											
	 Mr. Zuckerberg, what is Facebook doing to prevent foreign actors from interfering in U.S. elections?										
Archive Senator											
	 How will you protect user’s data?										
Archive Senator											
	 Do you collect user data through cross-device tracking?										
Archive Senator											
	 Are you willing to expand my right to know who you're sharing my data with?										
Archive Senator											
	 Do you believe the European regulations should be applied here in the US?										
Archive Senator											
	 Are you willing to change your business model in the interest of protecting individual privacy?										
Zuckerberg											
	 Congresswoman? I'm not sure what that means.										
Cecilia											
	 It would seem like that would be the start of what would be a really intense grilling. But I was really surprised to hear how many times Mark Zuckerberg was able to say.										
Zuckerberg											
	 I'll can have my team follow up with you after this.										
Zuckerberg											
	 I’ll have my team get back to you.										
Zuckerberg											
	 I'm happy to have my team follow up with you on more information if that would be helpful?										
Cecilia											
	 Without answering the question at that moment. And there was no follow up. Some of the questions were very basic and very simple. And I was watching this and I was actually communicating with other people who follow the industry well and they were saying the same thing.										
Cecilia											
	 Why is there no follow up?										
Cecilia											
	 Mark Zuckerberg was probably thinking the same thing, that some of these questions were not so hard and that the hearings themselves would not be the grilling, the sort of slaying that he had feared.										
Archive Senator											
	 You’re supposed to answer yes to this question.										
Archive Senator											
	 OK, come on. I'm trying to help you, right. I mean, give me a break. You're in front of a bunch of times. The answer is yes. Okay, so thank you.										
Sheera											
	 The hearings could have been a turning point, but some of the members of Congress asked these incredibly fumbling questions. What is this Facebook machine? You know, they just they sound like your dad is asking a question about Facebook.										
Archive Senator											
	 How do you sustain a business model in which users don't pay for your service?										
Zuckerberg											
	 Senator? We run ads.										
Archive Senator											
	 I see.										
Sheera											
	 It became so clear that these members of Congress didn't know the very basic technology that Facebook ran on and that they were so out of their league in understanding the fundamentals of Facebook as a company. How could they possibly hold them to account?										
Archive Senator											
	 You want to break now?										
Archive Senator											
	 We want to keep going.										
Zuckerberg											
	 Sure. I mean, that was that was pretty good. So, all right..										
Sheera											
	 In the room at that moment you understood, like he's got this, he he's, he's got these, you know, members of Congress wrapped around his little finger.										
Nick											
	 I remember, talking to Facebook executives, fairly sceptical of Zuckerberg, talking about everybody in a cafeteria, celebrating as he knocks the senators back. And just that was a moment where a company which had lost a bit of faith in their leader decided they loved him again.										
Archive Senator											
	 The hearing is adjourned.										
David											
	 He came out of it pretty well. Much better than I would have expected.										
Richard											
	 I mean, at the end, I think we feel we've done a good job. We prepared our CEO, we've negotiated the terms of the hearing. And if he gets away, you know, at the end of it and nothing has gone terribly wrong. You feel professionally tick. You know, you've done your job.										
Cecilia											
	 The upshot was that any hopes for regulation to curtail the power of Facebook would never really happen any time soon because lawmakers were incapable of doing so.										
Archive Reporter											
	 Do you feel that any senator here has really laid a glove on Mark Zuckerberg?										
Archive Reporter											
	 Well, if you think being slapped with wet noodles is hard, I guess that's hard.										
Cecilia											
	 The real proof that the hearings were not so terrible for Facebook or Mark Zuckerberg was that Facebook stock rose.										
Cecilia											
	 Mark Zuckerberg became personally billions of dollars richer. He left that day back to Menlo Park, and his lobbyist went to a wine bar in Georgetown to celebrate. The hearings were a success from their point of view.										
Archive Reporter											
	 You might think this is actually a map of the world, but it's not. It's a blank screen. And for every person who's using Facebook, we put a dot. And when you do that, it effectively draws the world.										
Frances											
	 When I joined Facebook in 2019, I think it was actually in kind of a momentary calm.										
GFX											
	 Aston – “FRANCES HAUGEN, Facebook Product Manager, 2019-2021”										
Frances											
	 The year before they had Cambridge Analytica, which had blown up catastrophically. So I think if you had asked a random employee, they would have said things are looking up. Right. We've kind of we've we survived Cambridge Analytica. We've weathered it. Our stock is on the upswing.										
Frances											
	 You know, I worked on civic misinformation. So that's, you know, things like ethnic violence. And just a few months before they had realized that they didn't have a policy against politicians calling for violence. There were now political parties in the world that were explicitly doing things like demonizing minorities by calling them, you know, rodents, that kind of thing. And a working group was formed to start figuring out what should the policy be when situations like that happen.										
Frances											
	 It took a working group of maybe 30 or 40 people months to write the political speech policy for Facebook, and they presented to Mark. And Mark takes a look at he goes, I don't like this. I, I can do better. And he goes home that weekend and he writes the political speech policy for the company. So think for a moment about the arrogance of this. Right. So Mark takes the work of like 30, 40 people. Many people have PhDs in ethnic violence and he says, Oh, no, no, no. I can write a better political speech policy over the weekend.										
Zuckerberg											
	 I don't think that we want private companies censoring politicians in the news. I generally believe that as a principle, people should decide what is credible and what they want to believe and who they want to vote for. I don't think that that should be something that we want tech companies or any kind of other company doing.										
GFX											
	 Card – “NOVEMBER 2020, Biden and Trump compete in the US presidential election”										
Sheera											
	 2020 was a make it a break in moment for Facebook. You had a sitting U.S. President Donald Trump who was daily pushing the limits of what should be said on their platform. He was using it every single day in ways that were challenging for Facebook to to defend or make decisions on. And there was this real sense inside Facebook of almost daily panic of what's he going to say next? What kind of PR storm is this going to create for us? What kind of negative headline is going to get written today about our company?										
Sheera											
	 I remember the day after the US election speaking to someone at Facebook who was on their election team who said, God, what a relief, it's over. Trump has lost.										
Archive Trump											
	 Good evening. I'd like to provide the American people with an update on our efforts to protect the integrity of a very important 2020 election. If you count the legal votes, I easily win.										
Frances											
	 People knew prior to the 2020 election that Trump was going to try to delegitimize the election if he failed, and we know this because he had been threatening it for a long time. The lead up to January 6th was not random.										
GFX – Date Card											
	 “2020 moves to 2017”										
Archive Reporter											
	 Take me inside Mark Zuckerberg's head to like the moment that you decided you needed to change Facebook's core mission.										
Zuckerberg											
	 I just feel like we have a responsibility to do more in the world.										
Archive Reporter											
	 So, what is the new mission of Facebook?										
Zuckerberg											
	 So, our new mission is to bring the world closer together. What we need to do is empower people all around the world to build communities. Things like church groups and sports teams and neighbourhood groups …										
Roger											
	 Facebook was created initially for people who shared an interest to get together and which evolved into this gigantic system that included both chess clubs but also white supremacists and terrorists. Facebook groups wound up becoming the home to politically engaged extremism. That we had not seen before.										
Roger											
	 There had been a study, internal Facebook study what they discovered was that 64% of the time that people join an extremist Facebook group, the trigger for joining was a recommendation made by Facebook.										
GFX											
	 Date Card – “2018 moves to 2020 “										
Sheera											
	 A group called Stop the Steal had started to post on Facebook and it is committed to spreading the false idea that the election was stolen from Donald Trump, and they managed to get hundreds of thousands of people to join their group. Internally in Facebook, there's this kind of moment of panic when they realise this is going to be one of the fastest growing groups in Facebook's history and it is committed to spreading the false idea that the election was stolen from Donald Trump.										
GFX											
	 Text on screen – “US Capital, Washington D.C 6 January 2021”										
GFX											
	 Card – “Two years after Mark Zuckerberg appears in front of the American Senate, thousands of trump supporters descend on Washington DC”										
Sheera											
	 And then January rolls around and you have these rallies of people all over the United States that are coming together under the banner of the election was stolen and they're organizing themselves on Facebook.										
Archive Trump											
	 We will never give up. We will never concede it doesn't happen. You don't concede with this theft.										
Sheera											
	 And then you have Trump himself issuing calls on Facebook saying come to Washington on January 6th, come rally in my name. The election was stolen from me.										
Sheera											
	 And it is that moment that Facebook understands this is a four alarm fire. And will this finally be the moment where they have to take down Donald Trump's account? And Mark kind of sits there and you think, should I call Trump? Should I try to use backchannels to him to say, Hey, we're thinking of taking down your account? And people close to him say I don't think it's a good idea. Like you could be seen as colluding with this.										
Archive											
(Chanting	 Text on screen - Protestors are in the building, thank you										
	 Stop the steal)										
Sheera											
	 People are sharing on Facebook Live videos and photos of themselves marching through the halls of Congress looking for Nancy Pelosi, looking for Vice President Pence.										
Sheera											
	 If you're Mark Zuckerberg and you've created technology whose sole purpose is to connect people, that's your worldview, that connecting people is inherently good and introducing the technology to the world has made you one of the world's wealthiest and most powerful men. It is very, very hard, I imagine, to then sit there and think, is my underlying premise wrong? Is connecting the world bad?										
Archive											
	 Take the house										
Sheera											
	 And it really is only when it gets to the point where people sitting next to me are saying, this is bad, this is going to go to trial, there are going to be congressional hearings about this. And Donald Trump can continue to use this Facebook page to agitate for violence. And we're going to get held responsible that Mark Zuckerberg sits there and goes, it's gone too far. We need to take down his account.										
Archive Reporter											
	 Good afternoon and we start with some breaking news President Trump has been banned indefinitely from Facebook, according to Mark Zuckerberg. In a statement, he said the current context is now fundamentally different, involving use of our platform to incite violent insurrection against a democratically elected government.										
Sheera											
	 When I started reporting on Facebook, I realized very quickly that you needed to have sources at all levels of the company. People who work at Facebook are not used to speaking to the press because they've been instilled with such a fear of what talking to the press can do for their careers.										
Sheera											
	 There is a very serious top-down threat of if you speak to the press, you will not just be fired. You will never work in tech again. Your name will be blacklisted. It's compounded by these very fierce NDAs, which stands for nondisclosure agreements that the people who work there have to sign.										
Sheera											
	 I used to work in the Middle East, and I used to speak to people who were dissenters in governments with dictatorships and monarchies where speaking to the press meant being imprisoned. And I had an easier time getting people in those countries to speak to me sometimes than I did getting employees at Facebook to speak to me.										
Sheera											
	 Facebook for most of its history, has had an entire department dedicated to finding leakers. People who speak to journalists are rooted out and fired in very public ways within the company. They're constantly talked about. At one point, it was fairly common to talk about them as rats.										
Frances											
	 In the aftermath of January six, I realized the only way Facebook could save itself is if they got help from the outside and so I was ready to blow the whistle.										
Frances											
	 Imagine you come in and you think it's a crisis, and then you actually sit there and start accumulating the case to prove the crisis. You know, you think you know how bad it is. And now you're like, you're you're looking at the whole stack of evidence. You're like, oh, like this is this is far worse than I thought it was.										
Frances											
	 It took me a long time to figure out how could I document what the public needed to know in a way that would be effective? And I took a bunch of screenshots. Every time there'd be something that was sufficiently embarrassing, they would put up a wall around information. And so my fear was that, you know, this was like the last chance, like I had to do a good job because the public might never know.										
Frances											
	 Blowing the whistle is very complicated, and at some point my screen shot stopped working. And so I was like, Oh, so I know I'm being spied on.										
Frances											
	 I totally align myself with all the possible consequences of what Facebook might do to me if they caught me, because I assumed as soon as that journalism happened, they would know it was me because they can go and triangulate like, these are the documents. She's the only way to access them.										
Frances											
	 In the run up to when the Wall Street Journal began publishing, my lawyers basically told me that I was delusional they thought my identity could stay a secret because Facebook at any point could out me and a lot whistleblowers are discredited. And so I got basically gotten presented with the choice, like, do you want to tell your own story or do you want them to tell your story?										
GFX											
	 Text on Screen – “US Capitol Washington DC, October 5th, 2021”										
Archive Reporter											
	 Scathing accusations from a former Facebook executive about how the company handles hate content and misinformation.										
Archive Reporter											
	 She is the former employee who is now accusing the social media giant of knowing how harmful their algorithm is for our entire democracy.										
Cecilia											
	 When Frances Haugen comes out from the shadows as the whistleblower. It was an astonishing moment. A lot of what she had been saying was what we had been hearing. We had many Frances Haugen's, but she had documents and she was willing to put her face and her name behind that. She was willing to testify.										
Archive Frances											
	 Facebook's products stoke division and weaken our democracy. Almost no one outside of Facebook knows what happens inside of Facebook. The company intentionally hides vital information from the public.										
Cecilia											
	 Perhaps one of the most disturbing and surprising revelations from Frances Haugen was that there were internal studies on how Facebooks recommendation engines can lead teenagers into these rabbit holes.										
Archive Reporter											
	 A troubling new report today spells out what all that time on social media is doing to our teenagers.										
Cecilia											
	 For example, a teenager looking at some influencer of fitness would then get served to them, recommendations to diets, and then that would then lead to recommendations for eating disorders, things like bulimia, how to become anorexic, really destructive behaviour.										
Archive Frances											
	 Content that elicits an extreme reaction from you is more likely to get a click, a comment or reshare.										
Cecilia											
	 These are the kinds of rabbit holes that were leading to suicide. Thoughts of suicide ideation. And Facebook understood this. It was, in fact, studying this.										
Archive Frances											
	 The company's leadership knows how to make Facebook and Instagram safer but won't make the necessary changes because they have put their astronomical profits before people.										
GFX											
	 Card – “Three weeks after Frances Haugen gives evidence, Facebook announces a rebrand”										
Zuckerberg											
	 It is time for us to adopt a new company brand to encompass everything that we do to reflect who we are and what we hope to build. I am proud to announce that starting today, our company is now Meta.										
GFX											
	 Text on Screen – “Meta Launch, Facebook Live Event”										
David											
	 I gotta pause that.										
David											
	 Let's remember all this pride and this cocky stuff was at the exact moment when all of Frances Haugen's whistle blowing revelations were cascading across the news media. When they were getting new articles, every day based on Frances Haugen's documentation that basically proved their culpability, at the height of that period. They had a big press conference to change their name and make their new strategy – the Metaverse. And you know what? It worked.										
GFX											
	 Aston – “DAVID KIRKPATRICK, Author, The Facebook Effect”										
Zuckerberg											
	 Now. You know, I really just cared about building something that my my girls are going to grow up and be proud of me for. And I mean, that's what what is kind of my guiding philosophy at this point is, you know, and I, you know, come and work on a lot of hard things during the day. And I go home and just ask, will my girls be proud of what I did today?										
Sheera											
	 There's no doubt that history is going to remember Mark Zuckerberg for creating the first really global social media company. I don't see how we as a society go back in time to a point where we're not all instantaneously connected to everyone. We want to be connected to all over the world. It really has created a new reality.										
Sheera											
	 I think the people closest to Mark that have now left the company and reflect on their time there say that the biggest problems at Facebook come because of the absolute power that was handed to one individual…										
Zuckerberg											
	 It’s the president of the United States										
Sheera											
	 …and that no matter how smart you were as a 19- or 20-year-old and creating a very specific type of technology, there is just no situation in which it is appropriate for one person to have un-brutal power and decision making over such a large group of people. And that by having really no cheques and balances on Mark Zuckerberg's power or his decision making, Facebook ultimately made a number of mistakes that affected millions of people all over the world.										
David											
	 When someone becomes worth $100 billion and is the richest person in human history of that age, it makes them feel magical, unchallengeable and I feel self-justifying to a tremendously harmful degree.										
Cecilia											
	 The main question of Facebook going forward is who keeps Mark Zuckerberg in check? There are very few people that hold him accountable. Who's the one who tells him, Mark, that decision may not be good for the company? It may not be good for the business model. And very importantly in my mind, who is asking him…Mark Zuckerberg, is that decision you're making good for the world?										
GFX											
“Meta has introduced new guidance for parents and teens on Instagram and says that its own research found that in most cases teenage girls said the platform made them feel better not worse”	 Card – “Meta denies that it promotes profit over safety, citing changes made to the News Feed that means that users spend less time on Facebook”										
	“Meta has introduced new guidance for parents and teens on Instagram and says that its own research found that in most cases teenage girls said the platform made them feel better not worse”										
GFX											
“Mark Zuckerberg has said that he wants Congress to update internet regulation around elections so that harmful content, privacy and competition are addressed”	 Card – “In response to the ethnic violence in Myanmar, Meta says it undertook human rights due diligence and built a dedicated team of Burmese speakers, banned various accounts and created a specific policy to remove posts that support violence”										
	“Mark Zuckerberg has said that he wants Congress to update internet regulation around elections so that harmful content, privacy and competition are addressed”										
GFX											
“His platforms are used by over 3 billion people around the world, an estimated 49% of the global population”	 Card – “Mark Zuckerberg is currently worth over 100 billion dollars”										
	“His platforms are used by over 3 billion people around the world, an estimated 49% of the global population”